Truck

To me without more information, it sounds like you restored from an iOS/iPadOS backup where a single piece (or multiple pieces) of content (Apps,music movies) from the backup are trying to come back, but they require you to re-authorize (sign into) the Apple ID that downloaded that content in the first place.

And no, there is no easy way to tell which App or content is downloaded by which Apple ID very easily at all. It's implied that you already should know, or only have one Apple ID for one person (preferred).

If you don't know what that Apple ID is, or can log into it successfully, you'll probably have to delete the App / Music / Movie and redownload / Repurchase it with your current Apple ID.

You will need to contact the person who sold you the device. They will have to go thru these steps before you can set it up for yourself.

Sell or give away your iPhone - Apple Support