Locked Dual SIM iPhone

No.

A carrier lock includes all installed SIM options.

Using Dual SIM with an eSIM - Apple Support

Excerpt:

“ … To use two different carriers, your iPhone must be unlocked. Otherwise, both plans must be from the same carrier … “

tommy2735 Said:

"Locked Dual SIM iPhone: If I buy a dual sim iPhone through a carrier and it is locked, can I still use the other SIM for another carrier?"

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Using a SIM Card Between Carriers:

You carrier would provides you with the SIM card. So, using it with another carrier likely is not an option between the two, being that one carrier performs all the configurations themselves.