Mac can't see USB drives & External drives

Keep in mind that the most common apps to cause problems with macOS are anti-virus apps, cleaning/optimizer apps, and third party security software. Also, if you are using a third party app to manage an NTFS drive could also cause a problem as maybe it is interfering with normal macOS drive operations somehow (doubtful to interfere with non-NTFS volumes, but you never know).

Another possibility is that some third party connected devices may not be compatible with the latest update/upgrade. I have seen several reports where a connected Wacom tablet can cause USB drive issues if the tablet is already connected when the USB drives are connected later (a user said if the Wacom tablet was disconnected, then a USB drive would mount fine and the tablet could later be connected and the drive would still function -- it was the order of the connections). I'm only using the Wacom tablet as a known example as other devices may cause a similar problem. Safe Mode would disable a proprietary driver for external devices.

As for the screenshot of the error message for the "YES_RED" drive, I did find this article which mentions the "disenter 49223" error is likely caused by trying to mount an exFAT drive that was formatted with Windows. Windows may use a file allocation size for exFAT which macOS does not recognize. If you want to share exFAT drives with macOS & Windows, then erase the exFAT drive using Disk Utility which should allow the exFAT drive to work with both macOS & Windows.

https://www.macgasm.net/news/com-apple-diskmanagement-disenter-error/

Try booting into Safe Mode to see whether the physical drives are seen for the external drives. Safe Mode prevents the automatic launching of third party software during boot & login.

You can also boot into Internet Recovery Mode to see whether the external drives are seen with Disk Utility (again make sure to select "Show All Devices"). You can try using Command + Option + R to access the Ventura online installer and Command + Option + Shift + R to access the online installer for the OS which shipped from the factory (likely 10.15). This will remove all third party software from the equation as well plus any possible configuration issues as well as allowing you to easily see if Catalina has an issue which would imply a hardware issue.

This is all about seeing the physical drive at this point because the physical drive is not appearing in your screenshot of Disk Utility.

You're welcome. I'm glad it was that "simple". You may want to let Wacom know about the issue so maybe they can fix it or they can work with Apple to resolve it.

You can also provide Apple with product feedback here (Apple won't respond):

Product Feedback - Apple

What file system is on these drives?

What are the make & model of these drives?

What is the exact model of this Mac and the ones which can access the drives? You can get this information by clicking the Apple menu and selecting "About This Mac".

Did these drives ever work on this particular Mac?

Within Disk Utility click "View" and select "Show All Devices" to see whether the physical drive appears on the left pane of Disk Utility.