Hello T106T,
Welcome to Apple Support Communities!
We want to help get your microphone working normally so you can use it for text messaging.
We see you viewed the Apple Support page for If the microphones on your iPhone aren't working - Apple Support
From the Apple Support page, check your Privacy setting for the Messages app to help resolve the issue:
"If the microphone doesn't work in a specific app
- Go to Settings > Privacy > Microphone.
- Make sure that the app is enabled.
- If the app has permission to access your microphone, or if it isn't listed, contact the app developer."
This Apple Support page has the full details and more steps to take if the issue remains: If the microphones on your iPhone aren't working - Apple Support
We hope this helps isolate and resolve the microphone issue on your iPhone 10.
Cheers!