Good day to you ingolf144,
If we’ve understood you correctly, you’re receiving a pop-up in Safari on your iPhone. Though it does sound like you were able to take some steps to negate the pop-up, we’d like to make sure you have steps, should this happen again.
Here is an article that goes over some steps for iPhone, iPad or Mac. Block pop-up ads and windows in Safari
There are also some settings you can confirm -
Check Safari settings
On your iPhone or iPad, go to Settings > Safari.
• Turn on Block Pop-ups.
• Turn on Fraudulent Website Warning.
On your Mac, open Safari and choose Safari > Settings (or Preferences) from the menu bar.
• In the Websites tab, you can configure options to allow or block some or all pop-ups.
• In the Security tab, turn on the setting to warn when visiting a fraudulent website.
Thanks.