Transferring photos from old iPhone
Can I transfer photos from my old carrier to my new carrier by moving SIM card into new phone
Question marked as
Sorry, no. the iPhone doesn't store photos or any other user data on the SIM card.
Also, the carrier has nothing to do with storage of your photos or other user data (except in relatively unusual cases involving the use of a non-Apple backup storage that some carriers offer).
Photos and other data can be moved to your new phone using any of the methods described in Transfer data from your previous iOS or iPadOS device to your new iPhone or iPad - Apple Support
Also, if you have iCloud Photos turned on in your old phone, the photos will automatically transfer to your new phone when you turn iCloud Photos on in it (using the same Apple ID). See: Set up and use iCloud Photos - Apple Support