I'm afraid you are stuck.
These system extensions have to be correctly removed. The only 100% reliable way to remove them is by dragging their containing app to the trash. Any other method, including using the developer's own uninstaller or uninstallation procedures, carries a risk of leaving the system extension orphaned. In the past, it was standard procedure to recommend a developer's official uninstaller or uninstallation procedures. But with the advent of these new System Extensions, that simply isn't reliable any more. Too many developers have faulty uninstallers. Some developers don't provide uninstallers at all. Running any kind of "app zapper" or "clean up" tool, which are widely recommended on the internet, is a 100% guarantee of failure.
Once in that orphan state, the system extension is protected by the operating system's own System Integrity Protection and cannot be removed by any normal method. The systemextensionctl is not deprecated, but that procedure involved disabling System Integrity Protection and the forum rules do not allow discussion of potentially dangerous procedures like that.
I do not know which app was the container for your particular system extension. It may have been an app in a hidden folder. If that is the case, then you may still be able to delete it. I don't know. I also don't know what procedure you used to remove the apps you did find. Everything these days is always a big mystery, isn't it?
At this point, given what little any of us know about what exactly you installed, how you uninstalled it, or what exactly you uninstalled, there is only one 100% guaranteed solution. You need to erase your hard drive and reinstall the operating system. When you restore from your Time Machine backup, you have to make sure to restore only user files and user accounts. You must NOT restore any apps, software, system settings, or "other files". Otherwise, that will put you right back where you started. Once you are back up and running, you can be more careful about installing 3rd party apps. The scamware software industry is totally out of control right now, and about to get much, much worse due to "government regulation".
I realize this is a pretty extreme step. Unfortunately, it is the only option I can offer you in this venue.
Edit: It took me longer to type all of that than it took the OP to find the "other" solution.