Do you know how long (from what version) the vulnerability exists?

KamilP77 wrote:

I mean whether this vulnerability occurs only from macOS 13.2 and iOS 16.3 or has it existed before.

To have the vulnerability fixed/addressed in a security update means it existed before hand, yes.

Rapid Security Responses on Apple devices

Rapid Security Responses on Apple devices - Apple Support

Apple for a very long time has used its Software Update service (which also drives the system software updates that show in the App Store)  as a mechanism for installing “background and critical” updates that are installed silently in the background with no notifications to the user.

you can read more:

 macOS - Security - Apple  macOS - Security - Apple

Apple Platform Security - Apple Apple Platform Security - Apple Support

KamilP77 wrote:

It is known for how long (from what version) both iOS and macOS have been affected by the vulnerability? It's about a bug that was fixed in the latest update of February 13, 2023

?

Google is your friend for any specifics.

The current stable release of Ventura including bug fixes, security updates is macOS Ventura 13.2.1

Keep your Mac up to date - Apple Support

Keep your Mac up to date - Apple Support