Using disc First Aid on the hard drive data: warning

I've seen similar types of issues for years with First Aid where running First Aid while booted normally will show errors/warnings no matter what, but when booted to Recovery Mode it seems like First Aid repairs those issues and running First Aid a second time from Recovery Mode shows no errors, yet when booted back to the internal drive and running First Aid again, the errors/warnings are still there. I find First Aid and Disk Utility are terrible apps.

You have a choice of letting things go if you are not experiencing any other problems while using the Mac, or you can erase the drive followed by reinstalling macOS & restoring from a backup. The latter will destroy all data on the drive, but it is the only way to get rid of the possible file system issues.

Keep in mind you are only showing "Warnings" with First Aid, so theoretically these should be safe to ignore. Of course they are not ideal, but I don't think it will negatively affect the use of macOS. Now if they were actual "Errors", then I would definitely want to perform a clean install of macOS to eliminate the file system errors since "errors" can affect your data and even the performance of the Mac.

Sounds like you have an Intel Mac with a firmware password enabled. A firmware lock prevents the Mac from booting from external media and using any special startup keys without the correct firmware password. If you don't the know the firmware password, then the only way to remove it is by taking the Mac to an Apple Store or Apple Authorized Service Provider along with the proper proof of purchase and ID to verify you are the owner of the Mac. See this Apple article regarding the firmware lock:

Set a firmware password on your Mac - Apple Support