Hi rune145,
The listed heart rate capabilities of the Apple Watch can be found in the article Monitor your heart rate with Apple Watch as well as how those values are collected and offers the following:
"The optical heart sensor can also use infrared light. This mode is what Apple Watch uses when it measures your heart rate in the background, and for heart rate notifications. Apple Watch uses green LED lights to measure your heart rate during workouts and Breathe sessions, and to calculate walking average and Heart Rate Variability (HRV)."
In terms of notifications related to those measurements, see Heart health notifications on your Apple Watch for details on high and low heart rate notifications, irregular rhythm notifications, and AFib.
Regards.