Sorry I wrote this. Figured out what's going on. Since I bought the Mac Mini in 2018 I've always had a cable plugged into the ⅛" audio out jack on the back of it. Yesterday I had to pull it out. Now I'm finally seeing that I lost the balance slider because that cable is not plugged in anymore. After reinserting it into the audio out jack, the Headphones port shows up in the list of Outputs and the Balance slider appears at the bottom of the Sound pane. Without that plugged in there's no way to adjust the balance of any output including Built-in speakers, Display Port or AirPlay. Thanks guys for responding.