Find a missing person by phone number

Sorry, but according to this related information, data about the location of an iPhone is being deleted Apple after 24 hours.

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Apple retains location information and makes it accessible to you for 24 hours, after which it is deleted. 

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Find My can use the Find My network to help find devices even if they are not connected to the internet and, for supported devices, even if they are turned off or erased. Devices in the Find My network use Bluetooth wireless technology to detect missing devices or compatible items nearby, including AirTags and compatible third-party products registered to your Apple ID, and report their approximate location back to the owner. If a device is turned off or erased, that location is also visible to members of the owner’s Family Sharing group with whom they have chosen to share the location. The interaction is end-to-end encrypted, and Apple cannot see the location of any offline device or reporting device. 

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copied from: Location Services & Privacy - Apple

Since the mobile data network is provided by the carrier, I'm afraid, they are the only ones that could help.