While it is possible to create an AppleID without registering a payment method, downloading any Apps from the Apple App Store will require that an accepted payment method is registered against your AppleID account. Many so-called “free” Apps have in-App purchases to unlock functionality.
For practical purposes, your AppleID will need at least one registered Credit Card. Many users that are uncomfortable with registering a payment method use a Credit Card that has a low credit limit. This resolves the requirement for a registered payment method - and ensures that any unintended spending is limited by the Card Issuer.
It is often a good idea to have two (or more) payment cards associated with your account in case there is a problem with your primary card - as a charge can be made to the second card without risk of impacting ongoing access to your AppleID account or associated services and subscriptions. With multiple Credit Cards, you can choose the sequence in which card payments are made.
You may find these support pages to be helpful:
If you need to change or update your Apple ID payment method - Apple Support
Add a payment method to your Apple ID - Apple Support
Remove a payment method from your Apple ID - Apple Support
Payment methods that you can use with your Apple ID - Apple Support
An alternative method of securing access to the App Store is to apply credit by way of an Apple Gift Card. This credit can be used, if needed, for App or in-App purchases.
