It depends. I know it’s a late response, but I always thought Permanently Deleting photos meant they were gone forever. However, I plugged my iPhone (17pro) to my desktop’s Final Cut Pro, and when I selected my phone under Media, guess what? Permanently deleted videos were still there. I was able to import them into Final. cut and back into my computer.
According to Apple, the picture is not accessible on the iPhone anymore, but as you can see, if plugged in to a computer, they’re is a way. However, apparently those deleted pictures’ data remains in the phone until that space is taken up by other data, like taking more pictures and videos.
Third party software can also help recover some data. If you have data that you really want deleted, then restore you iPhone.
fyi, I do not use iCloud to store pictures.