Hello pigod,
Thanks for reaching out to Apple Support Communities. We see you have some questions about your number not registered to your phone, but it is with your Apple ID, and we'd like to help.
There are a few steps we can look into to see if this helps. When you restart your device, this can sometimes help fix some issues you may come across. If you haven't already, please do so with help in the following article: Restart your iPhone - Apple Support
How to restart your iPhone X, 11, 12, 13, or later
1. Press and hold either volume button and the side button until the power-off slider appears.

2. Drag the slider, then wait 30 seconds for your device to turn off. If your device is frozen or unresponsive, force restart your device.
3. To turn your device back on, press and hold the side button (on the right side of your iPhone) until you see the Apple logo.
When using a phone number with Messages and FaceTime, it has to be the same as the one that you see when you go to Settings > Phone > My Number. If you don't see the correct number, we'd recommend reaching out to your carrier.
If it is the same, try testing messaging a SMS message, and/or making a phone call with your device. This can help us determine if there's a carrier issue happening, or something else.
If you still have issues, the following link may be able to assist, as it walks through steps on what to do if you have issues with Messages or FaceTime: If you get an error when trying to activate iMessage or FaceTime - Apple Support
Let us know if this helps.
Regards.