I have the same issue. I use my phone and Bluetooth headset for work. When I finish a call, I set down the headset onto its base station/charging dock, like any normal call center headset. When you’re done with all of your calls, you set down your headset. You don’t wear it all 8-12 hours of your work day. So, when any alert arrives, it needs to still play on the phone speakers, just like a normal phone at a call center, even if the headset is connected to the phone, the actual phone still rings to alert you. Then you put on the headset and push the button to take the call, with the headset still connected to the phone. One cannot be turning off & on & reconnecting the headset for each call, just to not interfere with the faulty ringer operation.
As you currently have it, I have to choose between not hearing the ringer, or turning off the headset to hear the ringer, & back on, & waiting for Bluetooth to connect, to pick up the call, for each and every call.
Dumb design. Fix it!
Simply enable toggle switches in the “sounds and haptics” section for ringer to make noise on phone when connected to Bluetooth.
You can take it one step further and save that toggle setting per different Bluetooth device; wherein, some devices you want the sound only on the device, like a Bluetooth speaker, and other devices, like a Bluetooth headset; wherein, you need the sound to alert on both headset & phone.