Open mail application from Mac , from sent folder > under iCloud section , right click over sent folder and again click on get info , a window opens , a circle will start rotating sizing up for all folders like sent , inbox ... let it be completed see the article View email account information in Mail on Mac - Apple Support
Mailbox size and message sending limits in iCloud - Apple Support
- The size of incoming and outgoing messages (20 MB, up to 5 GB with Mail Drop turned on)
If the message bar is exceeding the storage , the bar will be shown full , you can reduce the mailbox size by deleting unwanted messages from sent , inbox see the complete details in the articles Keep mailboxes from getting too big in Mail on Mac - Apple Support
Free up storage space for email accounts in Mail on Mac - Apple Support

