iCloud unable to renew my account

Hi jmgdt,

You started from a great resource: If your payment method is declined in the App Store or iTunes Store - Apple Support

If the issue remains be sure to complete the steps in the second half of the article which states:

"If you still can't make a purchase

• You might have an unpaid order. Learn how to pay an unpaid order.
• Contact your financial institution. 
  • You might need to ask your financial institution to allow international purchases on your debit or credit card.
  • If you want to know why a debit card, credit card, or other payment method was declined, speak with your financial institution. Apple doesn't have information about why the payment method was declined.
• In some countries and regions, your payment method might be declined because of changes to local law. Learn about billing and purchases in Europe or what to do if your card is declined in India.
• Still need help? Contact Apple Support."

You can also use the article here to help check your current storage and details: Upgrade to iCloud+ - Apple Support

As recommended in the article you started from if the issue is related to billing and you've completed the steps, reach out to Apple directly to further assist. Get Support

Cheers.