Pictures in 6 Internal Storage Photo folders are empty (e.g. 202310_). They cannot be deleted. Why?

If you are using Windows Explorer to view the internal file structure you will see a lot of things that you won’t understand. The Photo storage is not a set of files, it is a SQLite database. Trying to access directly can damage the database structure, and is not a supported way to transfer photos from an iPhone to Windows. This support link describes the several correct ways to transfer photos to a computer→Copying personal photos and videos from iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch to your computer

From the folder name that sounds like a placeholder for photos that may be added in December, but you would have to see what other folders are named.

SQLite puts individual data elements such as photos in a bulk storage area as individual files, the adds pointers to the them to the individual directories. And Apple has frequently changed the folder structure to optimize the data management, so from one iOS version to another the structures may be completely different.

Each time there is a structure change there is a background process that reorganizes the contents. This is one reason that battery life may drop for a few days after an update, and the phone may run warmer.

If you would like to see a SQLite database back up your phone to your computer, then go and look at the backup folder. My most recent backup has 45,000 individual files in addition to the database metadata