Hi Smurphy915,
If your son isn't able to receive a verification code due to the verification code phone number being associated with a non-working trusted device, then he will need to go through account recovery to regain access to his account if he didn't set up another trusted phone number.
To start account recovery, he can go through the forgotten password process on a trusted device, use the Apple Support app on a borrowed device, or through iforgot.apple.com. The following article shows how he can go through account recovery as needed:
Get a verification code and sign in with two-factor authentication
If you still can't sign in
If you can’t sign in, reset your password, or receive verification codes, you can request account recovery to regain access to your account. Account recovery might take a few days or longer, depending on the specific account information you can provide to verify your identity.
Kind regards.