I had the same doubt. My issue is that when I have the Management Profile from the company active in my iphone SE 2020, running iOS 17.5.1, the whatsapp version 2.24.11.85 is not allowed to perform audio or video calls. As soon as I remove the Management Profile it works fine again. The iOS and Whatsapp versions written above are the current ones, but this issue is happening for a long time, with previous versions. A long time ago, I do not have the configuration from then, it did not happen.
I have already checked this issue with a colleague using a newer iphone with the same configuration and this issue was not presented there. So, I imagine that this is something related to my hardware.
Do someone have a clue to solve it without replacing the iphone?