Chances are, your Wi-Fi router is also producing a 2.4 GHz signal. The frustrating thing about 2.4 GHz is that the signal speed is slower.....but significantly stronger than 5 GHz unless your iPhone is in very close proximity to the Wi-Fi router.
Your iPhone....and just about any other Wi-Fi device as well.....will favor a stronger signal over a faster signal, but this is the type of stuff that they never tell you about.
For most users, the only way to insure that your iPhone is connecting to 5 GHz is to have the 5 GHz signal use a different wireless network name than the 2.4 GHz signal. Then, you can "point" your iPhone at the specific network to which you want to connect.
Your Wi-Fi router may or may not have this type of capability. If you still have one of the Apple AirPort routers....they do have this type of capability. A lot of much newer products don't.
If you want to dive into all of this more deeply, we need the make and model number of your Wi-Fi router so we see what is available as far as the actual performance specifications. We do NOT need a serial number.....just the manufacturer name and model number of the product.