That sounds quite unfortunate! Accidents happen, but it's good that you were able to reattach the lens glass and put on a protector. As long as the lens glass is back in place securely and there are no visible damages to the camera lens itself, your picture quality might not be affected.
However, it's crucial to inspect the lens thoroughly to ensure there are no scratches or cracks that might impact photo quality. If you notice any issues with image clarity or if the lens doesn't sit properly, it might be best to seek professional assistance. Apple's warranty or AppleCare might cover such accidental damages, so it's worth checking with them to understand your options for repair without incurring additional costs.
If everything seems fine and the camera functions normally, you should be good to go! Nonetheless, keeping an eye on the camera's performance in the coming days is wise, just to ensure there are no hidden issues arising from this incident.