Was your own Apple ID and password used on the old phone?
If so, use any internet browser and log into www.icloud.com to see if there is any synced data there (e.g., iCloud Photos). If so, you can sync that data with your new phone. See: Set up and use iCloud Photos - Apple Support
Other data at iCloud.com can be synced in a similar way.
Also, if you made an iCloud Backup of the old phone you can use that to setup the new phone. See: Use iCloud to transfer data from your previous iOS or iPadOS device to your new iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support