One option is that you can create a recurring event staring on a Tuesday and finishing on a Saturday.
In your iOS calendar create a new event and give it a title.
Choose the start date (perhaps next Tuesday) and an end date (the following Saturday)
You will need to have this as a block of full days rather than a 9-5 daily event.
In the repeat field choose Every Week
You can choose a date to end this recurrence, or leave it at Never
Choose which of your calendars to use, presumably this will be a work calendar you have already.
Touch on Add at the top and it will add this to your Calendar app.
If you wanted a different outcome, where each work day was set for only your work hours, I think the only alternative is to do each day separately with a weekly reoccurrence.