Are you following the correct procedure to change ownership? -
It is possible to transfer the ownership of a podcast to another Apple ID: poster tcarreira did this and has posted the method:
0 - Contact apple support from the current owner of the podcast: Contact Us -> Podcasts(My Issue Is Not Listed)*.
... wait for them to answer with further instructions and a code...
1. Insert the authorization code “xxxxxx” in the <itunes:keywords> or <copyright> tag.
2. Verify that your Apple ID is activated.
3. Obtain the direct link to your show on Apple Podcasts.**
4. Customize the statement below, and paste it in your reply to this message.
I authorize changing management in Podcasts Connect and access to Podcast Analytics to the account [Apple ID email address]. As requested, I have inserted the authorization code in the [specify tag] tag.
Paste the direct link to your show on Apple Podcasts
*Go to Apple Podcasts for Creators and click the 'Contact Us' link at the bottom of the page.
**To obtain the link in Apple Podcasts app (Mac - Catalina) find your podcast and click the three dots icon to the right of the 'Subscribe' button and choose 'Copy Link'. In iTunes - control-click (Mac) or right-click (PC) on the podcast image (or where it should be) and choose 'Copy Link'.
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Looking at it as difficulty in signing into Podcasts Connect: -
Logging into Podcasts Connect to submit a new podcast has been a problem for many people: indeed almost every post from people who are creating podcasts is about this rather than issue with their own podcast. As it's internal to Apple I can only offer the following standard advice, which may or may not help; there really isn't anything else I can suggest.
To start with, you do have to have an Apple ID and an Apple Music or iTunes (on windows) account.
It's become apparent that you cannot log into Podcasts Connect with a Developer ID - see below. You must have a payment method registered in Apple Music/iTunes: make sure your computer is authorised to play purchases (Apple Music or iTunes menu Account>Authorisations>Authorise this Computer). Then try logging in at https://podcastsconnect.apple.com. One poster found that going into 'private browsing' worked.
For help with the process of creating a podcasting account please see Create Apple Podcasts Connect account - Apple Podcasts for Creators
If this fails I would suggest reporting it Podcasts Support: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/contact-us , though if you haven't been able to complete the submission you may not be able to access them: in which case the next step is to contact Apple Support: https://getsupport.apple.com
Don't present this as a podcasting problem - they don't handle those and will refer you to Podcasts Support. Present the problem as being the inability to access Podcasts Support. It's also been suggested that getting them to look at your Apple ID may clear matters.
You may also find Robert Walch's post here useful: can't add my podcast to podcast connect -… - Apple Community
As to Developer IDs, Brian Ogilvie has discovered the hard way that you cannot use a Developer ID to sign into Podcasts Connect, and details the steps needed to create a new ID in this useful post.