Cracked iCloud
My iPhone 13 has been stolen and they were able to crack my passkey where they access my iCloud and the device was removed from my profile on iCloud, so how can track that device?
iPhone 13, iOS 17
You must have had an incredibly simple passcode OR the passcode (and possibly more) was known to the criminals.
Regardless, if it’s not on your AppleID, it’s untraceable by you and likely gone forever.
You should consider taking the actions outlined here:
If you think your Apple ID has been compromised - Apple Support