Can i disable my apple id temporarily

Yes you can, from:

https://privacy.apple.com/

That said … even if a SIM were copied (doubtful if you can still make calls yourself) it would not give access to your AppleID.

Contact your carrier if you suspect any security issues with your SIM.

Change your Apple ID Password if you suspect unauthorized activity on your account. Write down the new password and keep it in a safe place in your desk.

Update your Apple ID password - Apple Support

Contact your carrier regarding SIM questions.