website data explained

Your question is a little ambiguous.

• If you are asking about Safari browsing history stored on your iPhone, it is retained for thirty days. It is provided in chronological order. Assuming you use your Mac to back up your iPhone, the Mac can retain as many archived backups for as long as you wish. That data can be transferred to a new or replacement iPhone, or directly from the one it replaced.
• If you are asking how long websites retain your browsing activity or history, the answer depends on the website or Internet service. It can be as long as forever — at least in theory.

Outside of legal impositions that are technically impracticable to implement anyway, there is no limit to how long a website or the service that manages it can retain data.

defendant_duck072 wrote:

Is the data transferred when you get a new phone? Are the websites listed in the order you viewed them?

If you are referring to the Safari history mechanism, and not to websites, that is independent of the websites and what tracking they might be doing.

History is usually maintained either locally, or in iCloud.

Clear the history, cache, and cookies from Safari on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support

Apple Safari maintains a history of visited websites for one month. There is no control that can increase or decrease the duration of automatic retention, though the above link describes how to purge the history.

The Safari reading list can be as large as you have room for in iCloud.

If you migrate to a new iPhone, the existing history will be migrated, or is already available in iCloud when the same Apple ID is used. Same for the reading list.

Website saved data is retained indefinitely, storage allowing, unless cleared, or unless associated with tracking. Data associated with tracking is maintained for seven days: https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/. This data is migrated when migrating to a new iPhone.

There is no single and no simple answer. Different websites and different data collection and tracking entities have different retention practices. Some try to keep that data briefly if at all, while others seek to maintain what amounts to a permanent record.

I'm still not certain I completely understand your question. Assuming you have an iPhone with its (maximum) thirty days of Safari history, yes that history will transfer to a replacement iPhone. The new one will pick up where the old one left off. Of course if you don't want to do that, you can always clear Safari's history.

Bear in mind Safari's History is just a record of the websites it loaded. It does not retain (for example) information you may have provided to those websites. Those websites may have retained that information, or not. It's up to them.

Perhaps if you were to describe what it is you would like to accomplish we could provide specific answers.

Yes, that makes sense. There is no definitive answer to that question, since cookie and related website data are managed by the websites that created it. All you can do with any certainty is to delete it, but if you were to load a website from Safari's History on the existing iPhone or its replacement (for example), there is no guarantee that website would consider that data valid. It may retain it, delete it, or it may create completely new data.