Updates and upgrades are always subject to risk of data loss.
Storage on computers is at its most tempramental when updates and upgrades happen as the underlying system manages the storage.
It is to this end anyone who says you don't need a backup is asking for a bruising. Don't update unless you have at least two separate backups of all your critical data in two separate locations. These locations can be the Cloud, an external hard drive, a flash drive, an external solid state drive, printouts, CDs, DVDs, a personal website, another computer that you have regular access to.
Keep in mind, IMAP and Exchange email both store information essentially in the Cloud unless you create an On My Mac folder for the information.
Anything in the Cloud, you are depending on the Cloud hosts own backup routines to be stable in event something fails.
There is no such thing as permanent storage.
This tip covers how to backup your data:
Backup now, or forever hold your peace - … - Apple Community