Customised setting and apps were gone after update

I was updating the iTunes via my pc then my iPhone prompted me to response to a series of steps to “complete” the updating process. However, my iPhone screen turned black for a few seconds and shown a cable towards the phone figure. Another few seconds later it strangely prompted me to do the steps which exactly the same as setting up my iPhone when I newly bought it on the first day. No other ways to exit out this process or skip, my phone was liked being locked and unable to go back to my customised Home Screen, despite I tried a couple of times to off and restart the phone. No choice, I just had to complete that setting up process. What “freaking me up” was that after the set up was completed, I previous Home Screen, stored apps, WhatsApp, Telegram and Teams messages and history, as well as the entire music library in the phone were wiped out entirely… I tried to recover them but was unable to do so… For instance, my WhatsApp did regularly backup but strangely all the history were disappeared.

How do I restore / recover my previous Home Screen setting, stored apps, all the WhatsApp chat history, Telegram, Teams and music library?

Was it likely a hacking?

I remembered that I did not click on any button or asked to reset the phone or iTunes during the updating.