I tried to recreate your chart and I can verify what you are saying about the trendline equation not showing the higher powers. It isn't that way with all data/charts but it is with this data. File a bug report.
Numbers->Provide Numbers Feedback.
Can you provide the actual data used to create this chart and trendline. I cannot verify differences in the equations between Excel and Numbers without having the actual data you used. When I pick points by eye from the trendline to use as the "data", the resulting equation is far different.
Aside from these problems, you might consider that this trendline is probably a poor representation of the data except on this short interval. It probably goes shooting off in some wild directions outside of this interval. Also, the equation shown in Excel is not all that accurate. If you try to use it to create data points, you will get wildly inaccurate results. One clue is that the exponents on the higher powers are exactly 1E-24, 2E-18, and so on which is highly unlikely. Try creating some data from that trendline equation and see what you get. I tried it with my eyeballed data and it is totally useless. If you provide the actual data, I might try calculating the actual exponents using LINEST just to see what they really are.