Cross-device clipboard syncing is not working properly

I've just upgraded my 2020 M1 MacBook Air (I can't remember if it was macOS 12.6 or 12.7) to macOS 14.5.

The current situation is that content copied on the iPhone (iPhone X, iOS 16.7.8) can be pasted smoothly on the MacBook. But when copying on the MacBook, when calling the "Paste" button on the iPhone, it will freeze for a while and then the "Paste" button will appear (if there is no content in the iPhone's clipboard, the "Paste" button will not appear. And during freezing, I can't operate the current App or the keyboard.). At this time, click the "Paste" button and you will find that the content pasted is still the one from the iPhone clipboard.

Other Informations:

• Handoff is enabled on both devices.
• Both devices are connected to the same Wi-Fi network, Bluetooth is enabled on both devices, and they are all logged in to the same Apple ID.
• No VPN is working while trying.
• Tried rebooting both devices, but didn't work.