Will deleting my iPads iCloud Backup cause my iPad to lose all app data when I transfer to a new device?

My iPad is very broken and i've been planning on buying a new one once it breaks fully but I deleted the iCloud backup that was connected to my iPad a while ago due to clear up some space on my iCloud . I am worried that when I do decide to get a new iPad,all the apps that were downloaded onto my iPad won't have any of the progress saved onto my new iPad. I have searched it up and a lot of results tell me different things. I want to know if the apps on my old iPad won't save to my newest iPad without an iCloud backup. If it does turn out that the progress won't be saved, is there any possible way I can somehow prevent my apps data from being lost?