Company provided Outlook On my personal iPhone

When I joined the company they installed Outlook and Teams company use on my personal iPhone. I've noticed that I can cut and paste for my personal emails, notes, etc. into my work outlook, emails or chats. But I cannot do the opposite from my work emails, etc. into my personal emails, notes, etc.. Could this mean that the company can read my personal emails or even monitor my phone calls without my permission? How do iPhone permissions work in this regard? This is meant as a technical question but obviously has legal implications about whether a company can tap into a personal phone because their business software happens to be on there