why my macbook pro not supporting hp protable display

it will NOT produce a picture with a simple USB adapter alone.

You need imaging software, such as DisplayLink software. DisplayLink software is available from DisplayLink, PROVIDED HP used the exact same protocol (unknowable except by experimentation).

DisplayLink creates a 'fake' display buffer in computer memory, and sends the data out over USB to a stunt box. if the HP stunt box (the display in this case) uses DisplayLink protocols, then you will get a picture, and otherwise, no picture.

it appears to be a 1920 by 1080 display that uses USB-3.0 protocol for data movement.

That is not fast enough for real display data, so it must have a driver similar to (or identical to) DisplayLink drivers. This produces a somewhat slower screen update, suitable for slow-to-change data like stock quotes, program listings, or spreadsheets, but NOT for full-motion Video of any description.

The HP support page hosts drivers for Windows 7, 8, or 10.

Whether it would work with a DisplayLink software Driver is left as an exercise for an enterprising hobbyist.

Is that you?

Here is the hp monitor support page:

https://support.hp.com/hk-en/product/setup-user-guides/hp-v14-14-inch-portable-monitor/23207138

Your question may need restating to ask "Why does the HP v14 not support Macs?".