Hello, you are not losing your mind. There is absolutely a problem with chromecast and Sequoia 15.1.1.
There are several components and I will try to walk through each one.
Problem one. The error message that tells you to go to system settings and you can't see your chromecasts in the menu.
First you will want to make sure your sync is on for all your chrome browser identities so they can restore after the first thing you will need to do.
Go to sytem settings and under privacy and security go to screen and system audio recording. Turn off google chrome in both screen and audio. Then highlight it and use the minus key to delete it.
Now uninstall Google Chrome from your computer.
Go to system settings and a new privacy and security setting called local networks. If google chrome is still there and there may be a bunch of them which is part of this problem turn it off.
Restart.
Download Google Chrome and follow the prompts yes for screen recording yes for local network sharing. If you do not get these questions go into system settings and add google chrome to screen recording and add it to local networks. Each time it asks you to restart chrome do so.
Restart your computer. Restart your router. Restart your chromecasts. Just a power cycle not a factory reset.
Open google chrome and try to cast a tab. The dreaded see system settings should be gone and your trusty chromecasts should be there.
But they still won't work.
Last step. In google chrome go to settings then system. You will see "Use graphics acceleration when available". Uncheck that to off. Quit Google Chrome and re-open. Try to cast a tab and try to cast a screen and everything should finally be back to good ole normal. Best news it's one and done and has been stable for two weeks and with sync on Google Chrome all my profiles loaded as if it had never been uninstalled.
I know this seems like a lot of steps but if you are like me you've had chromecast for a while and you've always liked it, you want to continue to use it.
Last tip, if you have been experiencing sputtering go into your router's priority preference and designate your chromecasts to the top positions. You won't notice on anything else running from the router but you will have seamless casting.
Thast's it for me and happy casting!