Which Apple ID is Password app linked to? (iCloud Passwords iOS 18)

I have two Apple IDs (call them “public@icloud.com” and “private@icloud.com”).

On my work iPad/iPhone/ Mac, I login to iCloud with a public/private combination (i.e., with “public@icloud.com” for Media & Purchases (music, movies, etc.) and with with “private@icloud.com” for Messages, Photos, Mail, etc. and everything else.

Now I want to set up an old iPad/iPhone for anybody to use to play music, movies etc., but without access to my work Messages, Photos, Mail AND passwords. These devices would login with a single Apple ID (i.e., using “public@icloud.com” for everything.

So, which Apple ID are my Passwords linked to? “private” or “public” (i.e., Media and Purchases)? I do not want anyone who uses the public iPad/iPhone to be able to see private Passwords.

If Passwords are linked to the same Apple ID that is used for Media and Purchases Apple ID by default, is there a way around this?

Thank you.