iCloud Data not Syncing

I've spent a significant amount of time trying to solve this dreaded issue and there's no clear answer anywhere. One of my MacBooks was perpetually stuck in this weird state where none of my Notes would sync.

I got this prompt in the settings "Your Apple Account settings need to be updated so this MacBook Pro can use end-to-end encryption." and whenever I clicked on Resume Data Sync it just was processing for a while then went back to the same state, if clicked again there would be a faulty popup too and nothing to happen again.

THE FIX: I kept clicking Resume Data Sync and opened Activity Monitor and added "AAUIFollowUpsExtension" in the filter. This is the process that gets triggered when you click the Resume button. So I clicked the button and then Force Quit the process, repeated this about 10 times and lo and behold, it finally triggered the password prompt and I finally got through it. Once the notice went away the Note app started syncing again.

Hope this helps someone out there.