Hi Taro-Urashima
welcome to the Apple (user-to-user) community.
Re: AirPods Pro 2 Hearing Aid and Single-Sided Deafness :
Does the AirPods Pro 2 hearing aid feature work for single-sided deafness (SSD)?
Sorry I do not know. Your questions deserve a response. You may or may not receive the answers you need here.
Unless some-one with a similar SSD experience replies to you, there may be no clear or useful answer available.
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Re: It seems as though the feature requires both ears to have at least moderate hearing loss. Is this correct?
We are all Apple users, like yourself, in the community. We'd like to help, yet no-one here can speak for Apple.
As you discovered, the AirPods Pro 2 are for those with "mild to moderate" hearing loss, (ie: not severe loss).
If you haven't already done so, you may, or may not, get a better hearing experience through seeking professional assistance. (ie: Your SSD may be temporary, treatable, permanent, or relieved by a hearing-aid).
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If you wish: You could contact Apple's Accessibility support team about the AirPods hearing-aid feature:
(NB: You can "Get Support" from the link at the bottom of their website (link below):
Accessibility Support - Official Apple Support
All the best :-)