Any app you've installed that places an extension on the drive would be a candidate. There are far too many such apps for anyone here to be able to list all of them.
It also depends on where this extension is. My older brother has this same issue of a now untouchable extension.
This happens when you've upgraded the OS on an older Mac a number of times. When it was possible for apps to do so, they sometimes placed an extension in the System folder. But as of Catalina, the System folder is locked against everything and anyone but Apple.
The result is, the app that installed the extension can't remove it, and neither can you. It's trapped in the System folder unless you erase the drive and rebuild it from scratch.
Edit: Except your Mac shipped with Big Sur, so it was never possible for any app to put an extension into the System folder.
Instead, look in the root /Library/Extensions folder. There should only be two default extensions there:
HighPointIOP.kext
HighPointRR.kext