To restore data from an iCloud backup, you generally need:
- A new or erased device — iCloud backups can only be restored on an iOS device.
- Access to your Apple ID — You’ll need to sign into iCloud with your Apple credentials.
- Two-factor authentication (2FA) — If enabled, you’ll need to verify your identity using a trusted device or by receiving a code via text or call.
iCloud backups specifically can only be restored onto a device.

If you don’t have another trusted device for 2FA, you can still receive the verification code on your phone number as a text message or a call — even on a new device with the same SIM card or phone number. Once you get past 2FA, you can restore your backup during setup.
Reset Apple ID Password without the trust… - Apple Community

You can still retrieve some iCloud data (like contacts, notes, and photos) by logging into iCloud.com from a computer or another device What does iCloud back up? - Apple Support (IN)
iCloud backup doesn’t include information that is synced and stored in iCloud, like Contacts, Calendars, Bookmarks, Mail, Notes, Voice Memos, shared photos, iCloud Photos*, Health data, call history, and files you store in iCloud Drive.
*-If you had turned on iCloud Photos, your content is automatically stored in iCloud.
- WARNING: If you delete the iCloud backup for your current iOS or iPadOS device, iCloud stops automatically backing up the device.