OK, so understand that you mean the Preview app rather than Quicklook or the preview mode of another app. Your signature

indicates you're using Monterey, but your text says Sequoia-- is Sequoia correct?
You don't say what sort of "fujifilm system" you're using, but I understand that raf files are RAW files. Here is a list of supported RAW formats:
Digital camera RAW formats supported by iOS 18, iPadOS 18, macOS Sequoia, and visionOS 2 - Apple Support
Look at how many cameras are on this list! Every camera model and sub-model has its very own RAW format that's different from all the others. Apple doesn't seem interested in writing new code to support them all, and I find it hard to blame them for that. My own Nikon Z8's compressed NEFs are not supported, but it works fine for me, since I generate NEFs and jpgs, both.
Again, my DNG files from Adobe's Lightroom work fine in Sequoia, and I've not heard of anyone having problems with DNG files. How are your DNG files generated? You can use Adobe's free Digital Negative (DNG) converter to make a universally acceptable RAW picture file. This is the format that Lightroom uses when it creates a new (edited) RAW file, and Apple and Photos supports it. Do those DNG files work for you?
Since the problem is not inherent to Sequoia, you should try these things:
- Restart the computer (of course)
- Re-start in Safe Mode. This bypasses certain potentially disruptive processes, and it often helps. Safe Mode is different for different computers, so see this:
Start up your Mac in safe mode - Apple Support