Is Thunderbolt and USB-C the same?

I am looking to buy the latest Mac book and I have a lot of stuff on the old USB-A hard drive with movies / photos etc. I would like any answers in plain simple language. The new Mac books are all thunderbolt and I don’t want to lose my stuff. Thank you

Posted on May 30, 2025 5:00 AM

Reply
Question marked as Top-ranking reply

Posted on May 30, 2025 8:40 AM

Hopefully to clear things up, there are two things to consider about Thunderbolt or USB computer ports:


  1. The port type (shape).
  2. The protocol standards that the port supports.


For USB, the former is identified by a letter. For example: USB-A, USB-B, or USB-C. Thunderbolt is a bit more confusing, as Thunderbolt & Thunderbolt 2, use mini DisplayPort type ports, whereas, Thunderbolt 3 & 4, use USB-C type ports.


Protocol standards are typically identified with a number. For example: USB 1.0-4.0 or Thunderbolt 1-4. These standards define what the port's characteristics for both power and data throughput.


World-wide manufacturers are moving to using USB-C type ports on their products. Apple is doing so as well as you already know with their desktop and laptop devices.


The key here is that the Apple USB-C ports can support multiple protocol standards as pointed out by the others. Going back to your concern about your USB-A peripherals, using a simple USB-A to USB-C adapter should solve how you get them connected.


Note: For USB-A devices, there is no need to pay extra for Thunderbolt cables/adapters, as they will not provide any performance advantage ... that is already set by the device's protocol standard(s) that it supports.


Using an example: If you have a USB-A device that supports the USB 2.0 standard, it should work with any of the USB-C ports on the Mac. However, it will not perform any better than at USB 2.0 speeds. Just having a more capable port on the computer, will not improve its performance.

4 replies
Question marked as Top-ranking reply

May 30, 2025 8:40 AM in response to Wildewillsy

Hopefully to clear things up, there are two things to consider about Thunderbolt or USB computer ports:


  1. The port type (shape).
  2. The protocol standards that the port supports.


For USB, the former is identified by a letter. For example: USB-A, USB-B, or USB-C. Thunderbolt is a bit more confusing, as Thunderbolt & Thunderbolt 2, use mini DisplayPort type ports, whereas, Thunderbolt 3 & 4, use USB-C type ports.


Protocol standards are typically identified with a number. For example: USB 1.0-4.0 or Thunderbolt 1-4. These standards define what the port's characteristics for both power and data throughput.


World-wide manufacturers are moving to using USB-C type ports on their products. Apple is doing so as well as you already know with their desktop and laptop devices.


The key here is that the Apple USB-C ports can support multiple protocol standards as pointed out by the others. Going back to your concern about your USB-A peripherals, using a simple USB-A to USB-C adapter should solve how you get them connected.


Note: For USB-A devices, there is no need to pay extra for Thunderbolt cables/adapters, as they will not provide any performance advantage ... that is already set by the device's protocol standard(s) that it supports.


Using an example: If you have a USB-A device that supports the USB 2.0 standard, it should work with any of the USB-C ports on the Mac. However, it will not perform any better than at USB 2.0 speeds. Just having a more capable port on the computer, will not improve its performance.

May 30, 2025 6:03 AM in response to Wildewillsy

All of the current MacBook Airs and Pros have multi-purpose USB-C ports that support traditional USB (up to USB 3.1 Gen 2 speeds), USB4 20 and 40 Gbps, DisplayPort, and Thunderbolt (of some variety).


it is easy to go between USB-A (USB 3) and USE-C (USB 3) in either direction, and there are many ways (adapters, hubs, replacement cables) of connecting USB-A devices to new Macs.


Apple likes to emphasize Thunderbolt because it is a high-end protocol and because it is an optional feature that USB-C ports do not always have.

This thread has been closed by the system or the community team. You may vote for any posts you find helpful, or search the Community for additional answers.

Is Thunderbolt and USB-C the same?

Welcome to Apple Support Community
A forum where Apple customers help each other with their products. Get started with your Apple Account.