If you connect multiple power supplies to your MacBook Pro, the one that provides the most power will be used, regardless of the order in which you connected them. This is under the purview of the macOS.
The System information does not itemize the port that is currently charging.
I know of no way to make this distinction per your query.

We do know your Mac will never over charge ...
ref: About BHM battery health management M1/M2/M3/M4 SoC
About battery health management in Mac notebooks - Apple Support
The rule of thumb—if you are near the mains leave it plugged in, if you need the portability then run on the battery only—this is how you help optimize your battery charging and extend the working life of your battery by reducing the cycle count.