Deleting the App does not cancel the subscription.
Check your subscriptions carefully as explained in the support document linked in my previous reply.
Make sure no subscription there is still active.
click here ➜ ➜ If you want to cancel a subscription from Apple - Apple Support
If nothing is active there that should not be, then something else is going on with that charge.
Note, that if you blocked a charge from your bank's side, that charge does not go way on your Apple Account. It will remain pending, until it can be successfully charged.
When you add a new card to your Apple account, Apple will try to complete any pending charges on your account, so that blocked charge would then try to be completed. This does not mean the subscription is still active, but just that you had a pending charge there that had to be concluded.
If everything is cancelled correctly and expired, then this may just have been a pending charge that was completed now. You can request a refund for it at the other link provided previously.
Here it is again:
click here ➜ Get help with charges from apple.com/bill - Apple Support