You can't use two accounts fully on an iPhone. There are places where you can enter a second one for specific purposes, for example to buy things in the app and media stores with a different account.
Another place is to have multiple email accounts set up in the Mail app. You don't say where you see evidence of files having been sent. Add an email account to your iPhone or iPad - Apple Support
Was the device properly erased before it was given to you? If not, there could be all sorts of residual junk on the device. You could even turn it on one day and find Activation Lock was triggered and you are locked out compltely and possibly permanently.
This should have been done before you were given the iPhone and should probably be done now if it wasn't.
What to do before you sell, give away, or trade in your iPhone or iPad - Apple Support