Humans don’t literally see in frames per second, but our visual system has a temporal resolution — the speed at which we can detect changes in motion or flicker. You’re correct that if your monitor only has a 100 Hz refresh rate but your frame rate is above 200 fps, you won’t actually see the full 200 fps. The extra frames are simply discarded or blended.
However, in gaming, higher frame rates can reduce input delay (e.g. 300 fps = 3.3 ms; 600 fps = 1.6 ms), which is very important for games that require fast reaction times, like Counter-Strike or Valorant. For games like Minecraft, though, the difference is hardly noticeable.
I’m only asking because even though I’m using a 180 Hz monitor, my frame rate is still limited to 120 fps. I know we don’t need very high frame rates for Minecraft, but I’m curious about what causes this frame rate limit in macOS Tahoe.