iTunes music missing/greyed out on iPhone after upgrade

iTunes problem is twofold. I just upgraded from iPhone 12 to 17. A lot of my music is no longer accessible. None of the music that I had previously uploaded from CDs is available. I no longer back up to a computer - I thought the music was backed up to iCloud, but apparently that is not the case. Is all of that music gone forever?

The other issue seems strange and I hope is a simple matter: In the iTunes library on the phone, if I open the tab marked "Songs" it shows only 12 songs, of which I can play only five. However, if I open the library in "Artists" or "Albums", everything that I bought from the iTunes store appears. It also shows the songs I uploaded from CD's, but the albums no longer have artwork, and the songs appear but are "greyed out".

Thoughts and solutions are welcome.