I didn't ask before-- are you using iCloud Photos? Do you use Optimize Storage with Photos?
The space key, or double clicking on a picture, brings up the Preview image, one that fits the screen but isn't the full sized version. These are generated the first time you look, and then they are usually saved to make for quick browsing. So the first view may be slower, gradually clearing, though it's usually not obvious.
In Mac Photos, Edit Mode can be entered with the Menu item Image>Show Edit Tools, though usually we just hit the Return key. This loads the full sized image which is several times larger than the preview image, and occasionally it may take longer to load. If it's loading, a little circle appears in the lower right of the Edit window, and the circle gradually fills as the image data loads. While making a Preview version is usually a one-time affair for each picture, loading the full version is new each time, so how fast it goes depends on what the computer is trying to do at that moment.
If things slow down, I will restart Photos. That's quick. If things seem a little crazy, I'll restart the Mac. If that doesn't help, I'll restart in Safe Mod.
Safe Mode is pretty straightforward, but I admit I have pushed the buttons in the wrong order and gotten confused. You might print or write down the relevant instructions, since you can't refer to them online while you're starting the Mac.